Learn Guitar › Track 4: Advanced Self-Exploration

Ear Training & Transcription

Analytical frameworks, self-diagnostic tools and composition guides.

Interval Identification Chart

An interval is the distance between two notes. Link each interval to the opening of a song you know and you'll recognise what you hear much faster. ↑ plays melodic (one after the other), ⇅ harmonic (together). All start from C.

SemitonesIntervalSong 1Song 2Listen
1Minor 2ndJawsFür Elise (E–D♯)
2Major 2ndHappy BirthdayFrère Jacques
3Minor 3rdSmoke on the Water (G–B♭)Greensleeves
4Major 3rdWhen the Saints Go Marching InKumbaya
5Perfect 4thHere Comes the BrideAmazing Grace
6TritoneThe SimpsonsMaria (West Side Story)
7Perfect 5thStar Wars (ana tema)Twinkle Twinkle Little Star
8Minor 6thThe Entertainer (E–C)Manhã de Carnaval (Black Orpheus)
9Major 6thMy Bonnie Lies Over the OceanNBC chimes
10Minor 7thStar Trek (orijinal tema)Somewhere (West Side Story)
11Major 7thDon't Know Why (Norah Jones)—
12OctaveSomewhere Over the Rainbow—

Five minutes a day: have a friend (or an app) play random intervals and match each to its song. Start with just 4ths, 5ths and octaves; add the 3rds later.

Find examples from music you grew up with, too: what interval opens your favourite folk song?

Transcribing Walkthrough

Transcribing (working a recording out by ear) is the most effective way to grow as a musician. Work systematically:

  1. Go short: start with a 4–8 second phrase. A simple riff or vocal melody is ideal.
  2. Slow it down: use a tool that keeps the pitch (YouTube at 0.5×, Transcribe!, Amazing Slow Downer, Audacity "Change Tempo"). 50–75% speed is ideal.
  3. Chart the rhythm first: ignore pitches, tap your foot and sing the pattern ("da-da-daa"), then write it in slash/rhythm notation.
  4. Find the first and last notes: play a note along with the recording, moving fret by fret until the "wobble" disappears (the method from the tuning lesson).
  5. Follow the contour: is the next note higher or lower? A small step or a leap? This is where the interval chart pays off.
  6. Guess the key: once you have a few notes, ask which scale fits (often minor or major pentatonic). The rest will usually come from it.
  7. Choose the position: the same pitch exists in 3–5 places on the neck. Look for the most playable one the original guitarist might have used (open strings and bends are clues).
  8. Write the TAB and compare: play your version along with the recording. Mark what doesn't match and repeat.

Can't find a note? Sing it first. Finding a pitch you can hold with your voice is far faster than hunting on the guitar.